Introduction Africa has the lowest cigarette taxes of any region. Price data are needed to produce evidence that informs tax policy change.Objective To locate and describe datasets that provide information on cigarette prices in African countries and to identify opportunities for expanding the region{\textquoteright}s cigarette price information base.Methods Three data repositories and relevant literature were searched to locate free datasets that provide cigarette prices for African countries. 13 categories of information were extracted from each dataset, including the type of data collected (self-reported vs observational). The number of outliers and summary statistics, for the price of 20 cigarette sticks, was calculated using the most recent data available from each data collection project identified in a country. T-tests were conducted to compare these statistics for the 14 countries with both self-reported and observational price data available.Results A total of 131 datasets, covering 39/47 African countries, contain information on cigarette prices. Most datasets (N=111/131) provide self-reported information. Only 11 countries have used the three large-scale surveys that repeatedly collect information on smoking behaviour across Africa (Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Demographic and Health Survey and STEPwise) to collect information on cigarette prices. No active projects that collect self-reported price data sample from the youth (aged\<15). Prices collected through retail observations exhibit fewer outliers than self-reported prices (p\<0.05).Conclusion The tobacco-control community should lead the process of using existing data collection efforts to enhance Africa{\textquoteright}s cigarette price information base. Increasing observational data collection efforts at retailers could improve our understanding of the prices paid for cigarettes in the region.Data are available in a public, open access repository. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. All publicly available data used in this study have been cited. Links to access these data are provided in the reference list. Some datasets used in this analysis, though free of charge, can only be accessed through submission of a written request for access. Datasets used in this study that require approval to access include the various waves of International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation (ITC) Project data used (Wave 2 ITC Kenya, Wave 3 ITC Mauritius, Wave 2 ITC Zambia), the Sierra Leone Tobacco Survey and the STEPwise surveys conducted in Algeria, Botswana, Cabo Verde, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Lesotho and Zambia. Access to these datasets can be requested by following the instructions provided in the links that accompany their citations in the manuscript text. To the best of the author{\textquoteright}s knowledge, no datasets used in this study require a specific data availability statement to be made, except for the data accessed through an application submitted to the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation (ITC) Project. The ITC Project data availability statement reads as follows: In each country participating in the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation (ITC) Project, the data are jointly owned by the lead researcher(s) in that country and the ITC Project at the University of Waterloo. Data from the ITC Project are available to approved researchers 2 years after the date of issuance of cleaned data sets by the ITC Data Management Centre. Researchers interested in using ITC data are required to apply for approval by submitting an International Tobacco Control Data Repository (ITCDR) request application and subsequently to sign an ITCDR Data Usage Agreement. The criteria for data usage approval and the contents of the Data Usage Agreement are described online (http://www.itcproject.org). The authors of this paper obtained the data following this application process. They did not have any special access privileges. Others would be able to access these data in the same manner as the authors.