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          mwi-alpha-himk-2002-2017-v1
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        <producer abbr="MEIRU" affiliation="ALPHA Network" role="Metadata creator">
          Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention research Unit
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        <producer abbr="LSHTM" affiliation="ALPHA Network" role="Metadata creator">
          London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
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        <producer affiliation="University of Cape Town" role="Metadata creator">
          DataFirst
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          <![CDATA[2.1 - edited and anonymised data for scientific  use]]>
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          ALPHA HIV Incidence and Mortality Data
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        <subTitl>
          Karonga 2002-2017
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        <altTitl>
          AHIM Karonga 2002-2017
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          mwi-alpha-him-karonga-2002-2017-v1
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        <AuthEnty affiliation="ALPHA Network">
          Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit
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        <AuthEnty affiliation="ALPHA Network">
          London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
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          Nesstar Publisher
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          Demographic and Health Surveillance System
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          <![CDATA[The ALPHA (Analysing Longitudinal Population-based HIV/AIDS Data in Africa) Network is a collaboration among 10 longitudinal studies in Sub-Saharan Africa.  These studies collect data on HIV infection alongside demographic, behavioural, socio-economic, and clinical data from residents of the study areas. The Network harmonises the data and conducts comparable and pooled analyses on HIV.The ALPHA HIV Incidence and Mortality Data for Karonga, Malawi, is part of the international data harmonisation and analysis programme of the ALPHA network.]]>
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        <version date="2017">
          Version 1: Edited, anonymised data available with restrictions
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        <![CDATA[This dataset is created from harmonising longitudinal population-based demographic surveillance and repeated serological survey data collected by a Health and Demographic Surveillance Study in Karonga, Malawi. The data harmonisation is coordinated by the ALPHA Network which curates individual-level data on demographic surveillance, verbal autopsy interviews, serological and sexual behaviour surveys, and individually-linked data from HDSS and medical facilities.

The data from the Karonga site in Malawi include two data files:

HIV incidence data
This data file includes data on resident study participants aged 15-49 who have had one negative HIV test and at least one subsequent HIV test done in the study for research purposes. Data may be split into multiple observations for each person to describe time spent in different residencies, different age groups and different calendar year periods. All timings are given as age at event, instead of the dates.  Dates of birth were rounded to the 15th of the month, and all other dates were offset by the same amount and the time elapsed between the rounded dates is used as the age at event.
To enable multiple imputation of seroconversion dates the times (ages) of last negative test and first positive test have been included in the data.

Mortality  data
This datas file was created as described here (https://gatesopenresearch.org/articles/1-4)]]>
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        <nation abbr="mwi">
          Malawi
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          The data covers the Karonga demographic surveillance area in rural northen Malawi
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        The data covers demographic surveillance and repeated serological survey data from the study site in Karonga, Malawi collected through demographic surveillance, verbal autopsy interviews, serological and sexual behaviour surveys. Also included is data from HDSS and medical facilities.
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          Malawi Epidemiology and Intervention Research Unit and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. ALPHA HIV Incidence and Mortality Data, Karonga 2002-2017 [dataset]. Version 1. Karonga and London: MEIRU and LSHTM [producers], 2017. Cape Town: DataFirst [distributors], 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25828/wcty-q497
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        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <catStat type="freq">
          100
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V33" name="sex" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="1" EndPos="1" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Sex
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range min="1" max="2"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Men
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          61563
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          2
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Women
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          72614
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V34" name="study_name" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="2" EndPos="3" width="2" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Study name
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range min="1" max="10"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Karonga
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          134177
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          2
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Kisesa
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          3
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Manicaland
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          4
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Masaka
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          5
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Rakai
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          6
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          uMkhanyakude
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          7
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Agincourt
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          8
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Kisumu
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          9
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Ifakara
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          10
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Nairobi
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V35" name="fouryear" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="4" EndPos="4" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Calendar year, grouped in 4 years post 2005
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range min="0" max="6"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          earliest-1999
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          2000-04
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          19151
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          2
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          2005-08
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          40535
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          3
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          2009-12
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          38290
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          4
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          2013-16
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          35151
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          5
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          2017-20
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          1050
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          6
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          2021-24
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V36" name="hivstatus_broad" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="5" EndPos="5" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        HIV status
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range min="1" max="3"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Negative
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          52834
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          2
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Positive
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          4393
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          3
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          Unknown
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          76950
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V37" name="idno" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="6" EndPos="15" width="10" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Participant ID number
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range min="4352" max="1068013100"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="min">
        4352
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="max">
        1068013100
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="mean">
        264298199.872
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="stdev">
        234308548.56
      </sumStat>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V38" name="agegrp" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="16" EndPos="17" width="2" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Five year age group
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range min="0" max="18"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          0-4
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          5-9
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          2
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          10-14
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          3
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          15-19
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          34578
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          4
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          20-24
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          27849
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          5
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          25-29
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          22599
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          6
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          30-34
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          17798
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          7
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          35-39
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          13427
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          8
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          40-44
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          10156
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          9
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          45-49
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          7770
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          10
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          50-54
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          11
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          55-59
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          12
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          60-64
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          13
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          65-69
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          14
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          70-74
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          15
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          75-79
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          16
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          80-84
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          17
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          85-89
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          18
        </catValu>
        <labl>
          90+
        </labl>
        <catStat type="freq">
          0
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
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    <var ID="V39" name="timein" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="18" EndPos="33" width="16" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Start of episode (age)
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="15" max="49.9986310746064"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="min">
        15
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="max">
        49.999
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="mean">
        27.011
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="stdev">
        9.277
      </sumStat>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V40" name="t0" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="34" EndPos="49" width="16" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Stata variable: age at start of episode
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="15" max="49.9986310746064"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="min">
        15
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="max">
        49.999
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="mean">
        27.011
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="stdev">
        9.277
      </sumStat>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V41" name="timeout" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="50" EndPos="65" width="16" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        End of episode (age)
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="15.0006844626968" max="50"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="min">
        15.001
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="max">
        50
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="mean">
        28.408
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="stdev">
        9.367
      </sumStat>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V42" name="t" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="contin">
      <location StartPos="66" EndPos="81" width="16" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Stata variable: age at end of episode
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range UNITS="REAL" min="15.0006844626968" max="50"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="min">
        15.001
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="max">
        50
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="mean">
        28.408
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="stdev">
        9.367
      </sumStat>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V43" name="fail" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="82" EndPos="82" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Seroconversion occurred at the end of this episode
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range min="0" max="1"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        132880
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        1297
      </sumStat>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <catStat type="freq">
          131819
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <catStat type="freq">
          1061
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry missing="Y">
        <catValu>
          Sysmiss
        </catValu>
        <catStat type="freq">
          1297
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V44" name="st" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="83" EndPos="83" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Stata variable: in survival analysis
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range min="1" max="1"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <catStat type="freq">
          134177
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
    <var ID="V45" name="d" files="F4" dcml="0" intrvl="discrete">
      <location StartPos="84" EndPos="84" width="1" RecSegNo="1"/>
      <labl>
        Stata variable: failure (seroconversion)
      </labl>
      <valrng>
        <range min="0" max="1"/>
      </valrng>
      <sumStat type="vald">
        134177
      </sumStat>
      <sumStat type="invd">
        0
      </sumStat>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          0
        </catValu>
        <catStat type="freq">
          133116
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <catgry>
        <catValu>
          1
        </catValu>
        <catStat type="freq">
          1061
        </catStat>
      </catgry>
      <varFormat type="numeric" schema="other"/>
    </var>
  </dataDscr>
</codeBook>
